SQL server Interview Question – Part 4
What are the
important SQL elements?
Following
are the different type elements:
1.
Identifiers.
2.
Data type.
3.
Constants.
4.
Operators.
5.
Functions.
6.
Clauses.
7.
Expressions.
8.
Queries.
9.
Statements.
What is the difference
between Function and Stored Procedure?
·
User defines functions can be used in the SQL
statements in the Where or Having or Select section where as Stored Procedures
cannot be used in the SQL statements.
·
User Define functions that return tables can be
treated as another row set and this can be used in Joins with other tables.
What are the
sub sets in SQL?
Following
are the SQL sub sets:
1.
DDL (Data Definition Language)
2.
DML (Data Manipulation Language)
3.
DCL (Data Control Language)
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What is sub
query?
A sub query returns
data that will be used in the main query. Sub query can be defined as a query
within another query. You can place the sub query in a where clause, having
clause, from clause. The sub query executes firstly and its output is used to
complete the query condition for the main query.
Syntax about
sub query:
SELECT
column_name
FROM
table_name
WHERE
column_name expression operator
( SELECT column_name FROM
table_name);
What is DDL?
DDL stands
for Data Definition Language. DDL allows us to create, delete, and alter
database objects such as schemas, views, sequences, tables, catalogs, indexes,
and aliases.
What is Data
Control Language?
DCL or Data
Control Language allows us to control access to the database. Data control
language commands include a GRANT to allow specific users to perform specified
tasks.
What are the
primary keys and foreign keys?
Primary keys
are the Unique Identity for each row. The primary key must contain unique
values and it cannot be null.
A foreign
key is a column that references another table column. A foreign key is a method
of ensuring data integrity of the relationship between tables.
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What is a Table?
A table is a
predefined format of rows and columns that define an entity. Each table provides
with the name of a particular object. In a table, column contains a different
type of attribute and a row corresponds to a single record.
What are
User Defined Functions?
User-Defined
Functions (UDFs) is allowed you defining its own SQL functions that can accept
0 or more parameters and return a single scalar data value.
What are Arithmetic operators in SQL?
There are different types of arithmetic operators in SQL.
Following are the arithmetic operators:
1.
Addition (+).
2.
Subtraction (- ).
3.
Multiplication (*).
4.
Division (/).
5.
Modulus (%).
What is an identity?
Identity is
a column that automatically generates number type values. Identity is a start
and increment value can be set, but the most DBA leave these.
How to
select a Database in SQL?
We can
select the database in SQL following way”
Use databaseName;
For example
Use testDB;
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